Mahjong Compendium

Modern inventions

Modern inventions

not descendants

Sources

Sources

The documents this entry rests on, as published. Each can be opened and checked; nothing in this part is anybody’s reading of them.

  1. Sloper, Tom. "FAQ 2b: Identifying a Mah-Jongg Variant." Sloperama. canonical checked 2026-09-18

    https://www.sloperama.com/mjfaq/mjfaq02b.html

    chart’s note Tile counts, hand sizes, flower handling and scoring for roughly 50 named variants. Primary source for most leaf nodes in this chart.

    Also cited on: Chinese archaic, Late Qing style, Chinese pre-classical, Chinese classical, Shanghai / Hong Kong new style, Hong Kong old style and 44 more · bibliography #1

  2. Mahjong International League. "Duplicate." mahjong-mil.org, current rules page. cross-check checked 2026-09-25

    https://mahjong-mil.org/rules_dup/

    AI summary The live successor to the withdrawn rules_dup.html. Defines the Duplicate Format of MCR: 136 tiles with no flowers, serial-numbered tile backs, pre-arranged hands and walls, and IMP scoring against the table average.

    Also cited on: Duplicate mahjong · bibliography #119

AI-generated

Analysis

Written by an AI model from the sources above. It is a reading of them, not a source in its own right: every figure in it points back to a numbered source, and where the two disagree, the source is right.

Assessment

Confidence
catalogued listed in a variant catalogue with tile counts and hand sizes, but no rules text verified
Evidence
unsupported the sources checked do not carry the claim this node makes

Cross-comparison

What each source was read to say, set side by side. The numbers are the sources above.

  • [1] Sloperama lists Duplicate, Mhing, Siamese and Mahjong Masters Millions among its variants without grouping them; the grouping is the chart's own editorial device, not a sourced claim
  • [1] re-read in full: the catalogue's variant list runs Duplicate, Siamese, Tui Dao Hu, Twenty Point and Pusser's together near its end, and Mhing and Mahjong Masters Millions earlier, all without a group heading. It also lists two variants the chart has no node for, 'The 12-Tile game (Amy Lo)' and 'Taoist Mahjong' (148 tiles with 'gold dragons', from one bulletin-board informant, January 2018). Neither is an invention outside the mahjong line, so neither belongs in this group
  • [2] CUTS AGAINST THE GROUP: MIL's current rules define duplicate play as the 'Duplicate Format of MCR', a way of playing the MCR ruleset, not a separate game

Reading it

No source groups these as a category, and the chart says as much in its label. Re-reading shows the group mixes three kinds of thing. There are new games that borrow mahjong's material: Mhing, a card game, and now Rummikub and Mahjong solitaire, added here. There is a tournament ruleset built from two existing traditions, Mahjong Masters Millions. And there is a competition format layered on an existing ruleset, Duplicate. Duplicate in particular is closer to the MCR line than 'not descendants' implies, but the chart's placement is fixed and is recorded as a caveat on that node. Two variants Sloper lists without a chart node, the 12-tile game and Taoist Mahjong, belong to other families and are left for those passes.

In the tree

A root of the tree, as the source chart draws it.

Caveat from the source chart

Inventions that do not descend from the mahjong line; grouped here only so the compendium has a home for them.

Descends into

← back to the tree